Luxembourg

• Capital of Luxembourg: Luxembourg City
• Total Area: 2,586 km² (998 mi²) (Rank 176)
• Population: 660,809 (Rank 169) - (2024 estimate)
• Location: Western Europe
• Languages of Luxembourg: Luxembourgish (official), German (administrative), French (administrative)
• Religions in Luxembourg: Roman Catholic 65.9%, Protestant 1.7%, Muslim 2.3%, other religions 0.5%, unaffiliated 29.6%
• Ethnic groups in Luxembourg: Luxembourgers 52.1%, Portuguese 14.5%, French 7.6%, Italian 3.7%, Belgian 3.3%, German 2.1%, Spanish 1.1%, Romanian 1%, other 14.6% (2022 estimate)
• Currency: Euro (EUR)
• Time zone: UTC+1 (Central European Time), Summer: UTC+2
• Calling code: (+352)
• Organizations: United Nations, European Union, NATO, OECD, Benelux
• Border countries (3): Belgium 148 km (92 mi), France 73 km (45 mi), Germany 138 km (86 mi)
• Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Major Cities and Regions of Luxembourg

1. Luxembourg City

• District: Luxembourg District.
• Description: The capital and largest city of Luxembourg. Located at the confluence of the Pétrusse and Alzette rivers. Famous for its old quarter and fortifications listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site and the 17th-century underground passages (casemates). Serves as the financial and political center of the country.

2. Esch-sur-Alzette

• District: Luxembourg District.
• Description: The second largest city in Luxembourg, located in the south near the French border. Historically a steel industry center, now transitioning towards technology and service sectors. Famous for its National Theatre and vibrant cultural district.

3. Differdange

• District: Luxembourg District.
• Description: The third largest city in Luxembourg, located in the southwestern region. Known for its steel industry heritage and home to Miami University (Luxembourg campus). Serves as a center for higher education and scientific research.

4. Dudelange

• District: Luxembourg District.
• Description: The fourth largest city in Luxembourg, located in the south near the French border. Known for its industrial heritage and as an important cultural center, particularly in music. Hosts the annual Dudelange Music Festival.

5. Esch-sur-Sûre

• District: Diekirch District.
• Description: A small town located in northern Luxembourg, surrounded by the Sûre River and an artificial lake. Famous for its medieval castle and serves as a destination for nature tourism and water sports.

6. Vianden

• District: Diekirch District.
• Description: A beautiful tourist town in northeastern Luxembourg, famous for its stunning medieval castle which is one of the largest in Western Europe. Located on the Our River and attracts thousands of tourists annually.

7. Echternach

• District: Grevenmacher District.
• Description: The oldest city in Luxembourg, founded in 698 AD. Famous for its ancient Benedictine abbey and as the site of the annual traditional dancing procession listed on UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage list. Located near the German border.

8. Mondorf-les-Bains

• District: Luxembourg District.
• Description: A town in southeastern Luxembourg on the French border, known for its spa resort and hot mineral springs. Serves as a destination for relaxation and hydrotherapy.