Canada

Capital: Ottawa
Total Area: 9,984,670 km² (3,855,100 mi²) (2th)
Approximate population: 41,528,680 (37th) - (2024 est.)
Location: Northern North America
Languages: English, French
Religions: Protestant, Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Jewish
Currency: Canadian dollar ($) (CAD) Calling code: (+1)
Organizations: United Nations, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, Commonwealth of Nations, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Border countries: United States 8,893 km (5,526 miles) (includes 2,475 km with Alaska); Greenland 1,280 m (4,200 feet) (on Hans Island).
Coastline: 202,080 km (125,570 miles)
Maritime boundaries: Arctic Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean

Canada — is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's second-largest country by total area, with the world's longest coastline. Its border with the United States is the world's longest international land border. The country is characterized by a wide range of both meteorologic and geological regions. With a population of just over 41 million people, it has widely varying population densities, with the majority residing in urban areas and large areas of the country being sparsely populated. Canada's capital is Ottawa and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.

There are 10 Canadian provinces, with three territories to the north. The provinces are:
Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, and Saskatchewan.
The three territories are Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Yukon.

Cities, towns, and villages

• Ottawa — Sitting in Eastern Ontario with a view of Quebec across the river, Ottawa is the national capital of Canada. It's home to Parliament Hill, many national museums, the ByWard Market, and the best Canada Day celebrations.

• Calgary — The gateway to the Canadian Rockies, Calgary's beauty will surprise you. Confident and modern, Calgary is booming like nowhere else in Canada. Every summer, it plays host to the Calgary Stampede, a near city-wide celebration of Calgary's ranching heritage. The city is home to the Calgary Tower, Calgary Zoo, and Canada Olympic Park (the city hosted the 1988 Winter Olympics). Calgary is a stepping off point for visitors to Banff and the Canadian Rockies, 1 hour away.
• Halifax — home to the second largest natural harbour in the world, Halifax is rich in history with architecture dating back to colonial times. The city is very compact and walkable, meaning most amenities are just a short walk away (if you're downtown), such as the Citadel Hill, Canadian Museum of the Atlantic, the Public Gardens (oldest park in Canada), and Pier 21.
• Montreal — Once Canada's largest metropolis, Montreal can still pack a serious punch as one of the most unique cities in North America. It is the cultural heart of Canada's francophone culture, and the city's multilingualism is one of its defining aspects. Have a Montreal-styled bagel in Mile End, stroll the streets of Old Montreal, take the metro to Olympic Park, visit one of the city's innumerous festivals, and take in the views atop Mont-Royal.
• Quebec City — Quebec's capital city, which is well known for its quaint Old City, its grand winter festival, and gorgeous architecture, such as the Chateau Frontenac. Visitors and locals alike boast about Quebec City's charming European feel.
• Toronto — As the largest city in Canada, Toronto is economic and cultural capital of Canada (particularly Anglophone Canada). Toronto prides itself on its diversity and is famous for landmarks like the CN Tower. But Toronto is also a very eclectic city, home to endless neighbourhoods that offer quality shopping, cuisine, and cultural amenities. The city is also home to the third largest live theatre scene in the world (after New York and London).
• Vancouver — A city unto urbanism itself, Vancouver is clean, modern, and efficient. Owing in part to its mild climate (that never gets too cold or too hot), the city has a strong outdoorsy streak in it. Vancouver is a city where you can hit the beach and the ski slopes in the same day.
• Whitehorse — Capital and largest city of Yukon, and midpoint of the Alaska Highway, gateway to the outdoor activities of Canada's far north.
• Winnipeg — Formerly known as the "Bulls Eye of the Dominion", this city has a rich mixture of culture, including Metis and French-Canadian. Winnipeg also contains the Royal Canadian Mint, the old skyscrapers of the Exchange District, and the vibrant Forks.