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The Netherlands
Official name: Republic of the Netherlands
Also known as: Holland, Kingdom of The Netherlands, Koninkrijk der Nederlanden, Nederland
Total Area of Netherlands: 41,850 km² (16,158 mi²) (133rd)
Population of Netherlands: 18,228,742 (71th) - (2024 est.)
Location: Western Europe
Languages of Netherlands: Dutch (official), West Frisian (official in Fryslan province)
— note: Frisian, Low Saxon, Limburgish, Romani, and Yiddish have protected status; Dutch is the official language of the three special municipalities of the Caribbean Netherlands; English is a recognized regional language on Sint Eustatius and Saba; Papiamento is a recognized regional language on Bonaire.
Religions of Netherlands: Roman Catholic 17%, Protestant 14% (includes Dutch Reformed, Protestant Church of The Netherlands, Calvinist), Muslim 6%, other 7% (includes Hindu, Buddhist, Jewish), no religion 56% (2024 est.)
Ethnic groups of Netherlands: Dutch 74.0%, EU (excluding Dutch) 8.4%, Turkish 2.4%, Moroccan 2.4%, Surinamese 2.1%, Indonesian 2.1%, other 8.6% (2022 est.)
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR), United States dollar (US$) (USD)
Calling code: (+31, +599)Organizations: United Nations, European Union, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Border countries (2): Belgium 450 km (280 mi), Germany 577 km (359 mi)
Coastline: 451 km (280 mi)
Maritime boundaries: North Sea
The Netherlands (Dutch: Nederland) — is a charming small country in the low-lying river delta of northwestern Europe. Its landscape of famously flat lands, much of it reclaimed from the sea, is dotted with windmills, blooming tulip fields and picturesque villages. The modern architecture and urban environments of quite a few cities are also becoming internationally prominent. Even the largest of its cities have retained elements of a laid-back, small-town atmosphere, and most are packed with historic heritage, for which there is much local pride.
The country is commonly referred to as Holland, but this name refers only to two of its twelve provinces and is unpopular among Dutch people who aren't from North or South Holland.
Administrative divisions (12) provinces (provincies, singular - provincie), 3 public entities* (openbare lichamen, singular - openbaar lichaam (Dutch); entidatnan publiko, singular - entidat publiko (Papiamento)):
Bonaire*, Drenthe, Flevoland, Fryslan (Friesland), Gelderland, Groningen, Limburg, Noord-Brabant (North Brabant), Noord-Holland (North Holland), Overijssel, Saba*, Sint Eustatius*, Utrecht, Zeeland (Zealand), Zuid-Holland (South Holland)
— note 1: the Netherlands is one of four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; the other three, Aruba, Curacao, and Sint Maarten, are all islands in the Caribbean; while all four parts are considered equal partners, in practice, most of the Kingdom's affairs are administered by the Netherlands, which makes up about 98% of the Kingdom's total land area and population.
— note 2: although Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius are officially incorporated into the country of the Netherlands under the broad designation of "public entities," Dutch Government sources regularly apply to them the more descriptive term of "special municipalities"; Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius are collectively referred to as the Caribbean Netherlands.
Natural resources: natural gas, petroleum, peat, limestone, iodised salt, sand and gravel, arable land.
— note 1: the Netherlands is one of four constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; the other three, Aruba, Curacao, and Sint Maarten, are all islands in the Caribbean; while all four parts are considered equal partners, in practice, most of the Kingdom's affairs are administered by the Netherlands, which makes up about 98% of the Kingdom's total land area and population.
— note 2: although Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius are officially incorporated into the country of the Netherlands under the broad designation of "public entities," Dutch Government sources regularly apply to them the more descriptive term of "special municipalities"; Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius are collectively referred to as the Caribbean Netherlands.
Natural resources: natural gas, petroleum, peat, limestone, iodised salt, sand and gravel, arable land.