Mongolia

• Capital of Mongolia: Ulaanbaatar
• Total Area: 1,565,000 km² (604,000 mi²) (Rank 19)
• Population: 3,447,157 (Rank 133) - (2024 estimate)
• Location: East Asia, Central Asia
• Languages of Mongolia: Mongolian (official, Khalkha dialect), Kazakh, other local languages
• Religions in Mongolia: Buddhism 51.7%, Sunni Muslim 3.2%, Shamanism 2.5%, Christianity 1.3%, Other 0.7%, Unaffiliated 40.6%
• Ethnic Groups in Mongolia: Mongol (Khalkha) 84.5%, Kazakh 3.9%, Durbet 2.4%, Bayad 1.7%, Buryat 1.3%, Zakhchin 1%, Dariganga 1%, Oirat 0.7%, Other 3.5%
• Currency: Mongolian Tugrik (MNT)
• Time Zone: UTC+7/+8 (Ulaanbaatar Time)
• Dialing Code: (+976)
• Organizations: United Nations
• Border Countries (2): China 4,630 km (2,877 mi), Russia 3,452 km (2,145 mi)
• Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

Major Cities and Regions in Mongolia

1. Ulaanbaatar

• Province: Capital (Special Municipality).
• Description: The capital and largest city of Mongolia. Located in the Tuul River valley at an elevation of 1,300 meters above sea level. Founded in 1639 as a mobile Buddhist monastery, it became the permanent capital in 1778. It is home to the famous Gandan Monastery and the National Museum of History.

2. Erdenet

• Province: Orkhon Province.
• Description: The second-largest city in Mongolia, founded in 1974 around the Erdenet mine, the fourth-largest copper mine in the world. It is known as a major industrial center and is home to a famous traditional carpet factory.

3. Darkhan

• Province: Darkhan-Uul Province.
• Description: The third-largest city in Mongolia, founded in 1961 as an industrial center in the north. Its name means "Blacksmith" and it is known for its steel industry and construction. It houses Darkhan University and the Darkhan Ethnographic Museum.

4. Choibalsan

• Province: Dornod Province.
• Description: The fourth-largest city in Mongolia, located in the east near the border with China. Formerly known as "Bayan Tümen," it is an important center for agriculture and trade in the eastern region.

5. Mörön

• Province: Khövsgöl Province.
• Description: A city in northern Mongolia, the capital of Khövsgöl Province. It is located near Lake Khövsgöl, the largest freshwater lake in Mongolia. It is renowned as a base for eco-tourism and cultural heritage trips.

6. Khovd

• Province: Khovd Province.
• Description: A city in western Mongolia, the capital of Khovd Province. Founded in 1731 as a military fort, it is known for its ethnic and cultural diversity. Situated at the foot of the Mongolian Altai Mountains, it is a historically significant center.

7. Ulaangom

• Province: Uvs Province.
• Description: A city in northwestern Mongolia, the capital of Uvs Province. It lies near Lake Uvs Nuur, the largest lake in Mongolia. It is famous for its desert landscapes and rich cultural heritage.

8. Altai

• Province: Govi-Altai Province.
• Description: A city in western Mongolia, the capital of Govi-Altai Province. Located at the foothills of the Altai Mountains, it serves as a base for exploring these towering mountains. It is celebrated for its historical heritage and scenic natural beauty.