Borders countries (9):
Czech Republic 704 km (437 mi),
Austria 801 km (498 mi),
Denmark 140 km (87 mi),
Poland 467 km (290 mi),
Switzerland (non-EU) 348 km (216 mi),
Belgium 133 km (83 mi),
France 418 km (260 mi),
Luxembourg 128 km (80 mi),
Netherlands 575 km (357 mi).
Coastline: 2,389 km (1,484 mi)
Maritime boundaries: Baltic Sea, North Sea
Sweden (maritime boundary, Baltic Sea),
United Kingdom (maritime boundary, North Sea)
Administrative divisions of Germany
Germany is composed of 16 constituent states, called Bundesländer (plural form; Bundesland singularly):
Baden-Wuerttemberg, Bayern (Bavaria), Berlin, Brandenburg, Bremen, Hamburg, Hessen (Hesse), Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania), Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony), Nordrhein-Westfalen (North Rhine-Westphalia), Rheinland-Pfalz (Rhineland-Palatinate), Saarland, Sachsen (Saxony), Sachsen-Anhalt (Saxony-Anhalt), Schleswig-Holstein, Thueringen (Thuringia).
Further subdivisions
The sixteen constituent states of Germany are divided into a total of 401 administrative Kreis or Landkreis, separated into:
294 "Rural" districts (Landkreise or Kreise)
107 "Urban" districts (Kreisfreie Städte or Stadtkreise – cities that constitute districts in their own right).
Natural resources: coal,
lignite,
natural gas,
iron ore,
copper,
nickel,
uranium,
potash,
salt, construction materials,
timber, arable land, and
water.
note: Bayern, Sachsen, and Thueringen refer to themselves as free states (Freistaaten, singular - Freistaat), while Bremen calls itself a Free Hanseatic City (Freie Hansestadt) and Hamburg considers itself a Free and Hanseatic City (Freie und Hansestadt).