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- Countries of the World
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Russia (Россия Russian )
Official name: Russian Federation
Also known as: Российская Федерация (Russian), Rossija, Rossiya, Rossiyskaya Federatsiya, Russian S.F.S.R., Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic
Capital of Russia: Moscow (Москва)
Area of Russia: 17,098,246 km² (6,601,670 mi²) (1th)
Population of Russia: 144,820,423 (9th) - (2024 est.)
Location: Eastern Europe and northern part of Asia
Languages of Russia: Russian (official)
— note: There are 25 other official languages, which are used in different regions of Russia. These languages include; Ossetic, Ukrainian, Buryat, Kalmyk, Chechen, Ingush, Abaza, Adyghe, Cherkess, Kabardian, Altai, Bashkir, Chuvash, Crimean Tatar, Karachay-Balkar, Khakas, Nogai, Tatar, Tuvan, Yakut, Erzya, Komi, Hill Mari, Meadow Mari, Moksha, and Udmurt. There are over 100 minority languages spoken in Russia today.
Religions of Russia: Russian Orthodox 61.8%, Muslim 9.5%, other Christian 2.6%, no religion 21.2%, undeclared 3.5%, other 1.4% (2024 est.)
Ethnic groups of Russia: Russian 71.76%, Tatar 3.2%, Chechen 1.14%, Bashkir 1.07%, Chuvash 0.73%, other 11.3%, unspecified 10.8% (2021 est.)
— note: nearly 200 national and/or ethnic groups are represented in Russia's 2010 census.
Currency: Ruble (₽) (RUB)
Organizations: United Nations, Commonwealth of Independent States, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
Border countries: extending for 57,792 kilometres (35,910 mi), the Russian border is the world's longest. Along the 20,139-kilometre (12,514 mi) land frontier, Russia has boundaries with (14) countries.
Azerbaijan 338 km (210 mi), Belarus 1,312 km (815 mi), China (southeast) 4,133 km (2,568 mi), and China (south) 46 km (28 mi), Estonia 324 km (201 mi), Finland 1,309 km (813 mi), Georgia 894 km (555 mi), Kazakhstan 7,644 km (4,749 mi), North Korea 18 km (11 mi), Latvia 332 km (206 mi), Lithuania (Kaliningrad Oblast) 261 km (162 mi), Mongolia 3,452 km (2,144 mi), Norway 191 km (118 mi), Poland (Kaliningrad Oblast) 209 km (129 mi), Ukraine 1,944 km (1,207 mi).
Coastline: 37,653 km (23,396 mi)
Maritime boundaries: Arctic Ocean, Baltic Sea, Barents Sea, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, Pacific Ocean, Sea of Azov
Area of Russia: 17,098,246 km² (6,601,670 mi²) (1th)
Population of Russia: 144,820,423 (9th) - (2024 est.)
Location: Eastern Europe and northern part of Asia
Languages of Russia: Russian (official)
— note: There are 25 other official languages, which are used in different regions of Russia. These languages include; Ossetic, Ukrainian, Buryat, Kalmyk, Chechen, Ingush, Abaza, Adyghe, Cherkess, Kabardian, Altai, Bashkir, Chuvash, Crimean Tatar, Karachay-Balkar, Khakas, Nogai, Tatar, Tuvan, Yakut, Erzya, Komi, Hill Mari, Meadow Mari, Moksha, and Udmurt. There are over 100 minority languages spoken in Russia today.
Religions of Russia: Russian Orthodox 61.8%, Muslim 9.5%, other Christian 2.6%, no religion 21.2%, undeclared 3.5%, other 1.4% (2024 est.)
Ethnic groups of Russia: Russian 71.76%, Tatar 3.2%, Chechen 1.14%, Bashkir 1.07%, Chuvash 0.73%, other 11.3%, unspecified 10.8% (2021 est.)
— note: nearly 200 national and/or ethnic groups are represented in Russia's 2010 census.
Currency: Ruble (₽) (RUB)
Time zone: UTC +2 to +12Time in Russia
There are 11 time zones in Russia, which currently observe times ranging from UTC+02:00 to UTC+12:00. Daylight saving time (DST) has not been used in Russia since 26 October 2014. From 27 March 2011 to 26 October 2014, permanent DST was used.
Calling code: (+7)There are 11 time zones in Russia, which currently observe times ranging from UTC+02:00 to UTC+12:00. Daylight saving time (DST) has not been used in Russia since 26 October 2014. From 27 March 2011 to 26 October 2014, permanent DST was used.
Organizations: United Nations, Commonwealth of Independent States, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
Border countries: extending for 57,792 kilometres (35,910 mi), the Russian border is the world's longest. Along the 20,139-kilometre (12,514 mi) land frontier, Russia has boundaries with (14) countries.
Azerbaijan 338 km (210 mi), Belarus 1,312 km (815 mi), China (southeast) 4,133 km (2,568 mi), and China (south) 46 km (28 mi), Estonia 324 km (201 mi), Finland 1,309 km (813 mi), Georgia 894 km (555 mi), Kazakhstan 7,644 km (4,749 mi), North Korea 18 km (11 mi), Latvia 332 km (206 mi), Lithuania (Kaliningrad Oblast) 261 km (162 mi), Mongolia 3,452 km (2,144 mi), Norway 191 km (118 mi), Poland (Kaliningrad Oblast) 209 km (129 mi), Ukraine 1,944 km (1,207 mi).
Coastline: 37,653 km (23,396 mi)
Maritime boundaries: Arctic Ocean, Baltic Sea, Barents Sea, Black Sea, Caspian Sea, Pacific Ocean, Sea of Azov
Administrative divisions of Russia
- oblasts: Amur (Blagoveshchensk), Arkhangelsk, Astrakhan, Belgorod, Bryansk, Chelyabinsk, Irkutsk, Ivanovo, Kaliningrad, Kaluga, Kemerovo, Kirov, Kostroma, Kurgan, Kursk, Leningrad (Gatchina), Lipetsk, Magadan, Moscow, Murmansk, Nizhniy Novgorod, Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Orenburg, Orel, Penza, Pskov, Rostov, Ryazan, Sakhalin (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk), Samara, Saratov, Smolensk, Sverdlovsk (Yekaterinburg), Tambov, Tomsk, Tula, Tver, Tyumen, Ulyanovsk, Vladimir, Volgograd, Vologda, Voronezh, Yaroslavl
- republics: Adygeya (Maykop), Altay (Gorno-Altaysk), Bashkortostan (Ufa), Buryatiya (Ulan-Ude), Chechnya (Groznyy), Chuvashiya (Cheboksary), Dagestan (Makhachkala), Ingushetiya (Magas), Kabardino-Balkariya (Nal'chik), Kalmykiya (Elista), Karachayevo-Cherkesiya (Cherkessk), Kareliya (Petrozavodsk), Khakasiya (Abakan), Komi (Syktyvkar), Mariy-El (Yoshkar-Ola), Mordoviya (Saransk), North Ossetia (Vladikavkaz), Sakha [Yakutiya] (Yakutsk), Tatarstan (Kazan), Tyva (Kyzyl), Udmurtiya (Izhevsk)
- autonomous okrugs: Chukotka (Anadyr'), Khanty-Mansi-Yugra (Khanty-Mansiysk), Nenets (Nar'yan-Mar), Yamalo-Nenets (Salekhard)
- krays: Altay (Barnaul), Kamchatka (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy), Khabarovsk, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, Perm, Primorskiy [Maritime] (Vladivostok), Stavropol, Zabaykalsk [Transbaikal] (Chita)
- federal cities: Moscow [Moskva], Saint Petersburg [Sankt-Peterburg]
- autonomous oblast: Yevreyskaya [Jewish] (Birobidzhan)
Cities, towns, and villages
Here are just some Russian cities with their Anglicized and Russian Cyrillic names:
- Moscow (Москва) — Russia's gargantuan capital is one of the world's greatest cities and has endless attractions to offer an adventurous visitor
- Saint Petersburg (Санкт-Петербург) — Russia's cultural and former political capital is home to the Hermitage, one of the world's best museums, while the city centre is a living open air museum in its own right, making this city one of the world's top travel destinations. It's also the second largest city in the country.
- Irkutsk (Иркутск) — the world's favourite Siberian city, located within an hour of Lake Baikal on the Trans-Siberian Railway
- Kazan (Казань) — the capital of Tatar culture is an attractive city in the heart of the Volga Region with an impressive kremlin
- Nizhny Novgorod (Нижний Новгород) — often overlooked despite being one of the largest cities in Russia, Nizhny Novgorod is well worth a visit for its kremlin, Sakharov museum, and nearby Makaryev Monastery
- Sochi (Сочи) — Russia's favorite Black Sea beach resort has been largely unknown to foreigners, but this has started to change in a major way after hosting the 2014 Winter Olympic Games.
- Vladivostok (Владивосток) — often referred to (somewhat ironically) as "Russia's San Francisco," full of hilly streets and battleships, this is Russia's principal Pacific city and the terminus of the Trans-Siberian Railway
- Volgograd (Волгоград) — formerly Stalingrad, the scene of perhaps the deciding battle of World War II, and now home to a massive war memorial
- Yekaterinburg (Екатеринбург) — the hub of the Urals region and one of Russia's principal cultural poles is a good stop on the Trans-Siberian Railway and an arrival point for visitors to the Urals, the second Russian financial centre.
Natural resources: Oil, gas, coal, timber, metals, diamonds, copper, lead, zinc, bauxite, nickel, tin, mercury, gold, silver, platinum, titanium, manganese, potash, uranium, cobalt, molybdenum, tungsten, aluminum, polymetals, chromium, phosphates, apatites, talc, asbestos, mica, salt, amber, precious and semiprecious stones, sand, clay, limestone, marble, granite, iron-ore, arable land, tobacco, tea, citrus fruit, hydroelectricity, fresh water, fruits, and vegetables.
note 1: administrative divisions have the same names as their administrative centers (exceptions have the administrative center name following in parentheses)
note 2: the United States does not recognize Russia's annexation of Ukraine's Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the municipality of Sevastopol, nor their redesignation as the "Republic of Crimea" and the "Federal City of Sevastopol"; it similarly does not recognize the annexation of the Ukrainian oblasts Donetsk, Luhansk, Zaporizhzhia, and Kherson
note 3: formidable obstacles of climate, terrain, and distance hinder exploitation of natural resources.