Poland

Official name: Polish Republic
Also known as: Rzeczpospolita Polska (Polish)

Flag of Poland
Capital of Poland: Warsaw
Area of Poland: 312,679 km² (120,726 mi²) (70th)
Population of Poland: 38,539,201 (39th) - (2024 est.)
Location: located in Central Europe
Languages of Poland: Polish (official) 98.2%, Silesian 1.4%, other 1.1%, unspecified 1.2% (2011 est.)
Religions of Poland: Catholic 84.6% (Roman Catholic 84.6% and other Catholic 0.3%), Orthodox 1.3% (almost all are Polish Catholic), Protestant 0.4% (mainly Augsburg Evangelical and Pentecostal), other 0.3%, unspecified 13% (2022 est.)
Ethnic groups of Poland: Polish 98.8% [only Polish 96.2%, Polish and others 2.5%], only non-Polish 1.1% (2021 est.)
Currency: Złoty (PLN)
Time zone: UTC+1 (CETCentral European Time (CET) is a standard time of Central, and parts of Western Europe, which is one hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). The time offset from UTC can be written as UTC+01:00. It is used in most parts of Europe and in several African countries. CET is also known as Middle European Time and by colloquial names such as Amsterdam Time, Berlin Time, Brussels Time, Budapest Time, Madrid Time, Paris Time, Stockholm Time, Rome Time, Prague time, Warsaw Time or Romance Standard Time (RST).), Summer (DSTDaylight saving time (DST), also referred to as daylight saving(s), daylight savings time, daylight time (United States and Canada), or summer time (United Kingdom, European Union, and others), is the practice of advancing clocks to make better use of the longer daylight available during summer so that darkness falls at a later clock time. The typical implementation of DST is to set clocks forward by one hour in spring or late winter, and to set clocks back by one hour to standard time in the autumn (or fall in North American English, hence the mnemonic: 'spring forward and fall back').) UTC+2 (CESTCentral European Summer Time, sometimes referred to as Central European Daylight Time (CEDT), is the standard clock time observed during the period of summer daylight-saving in those European countries which observe Central European Time during the other part of the year. It corresponds to UTC+02:00, which makes it the same as Eastern European Time, Central Africa Time, South African Standard Time, Egypt Standard Time and Kaliningrad Time in Russia.)
Calling code: (+48)
Organizations: United Nations, European Union, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development

Border countries (7): Belarus 416 km (258 mi), Czech Republic 790 km (490 mi), Germany 467 km (290 mi), Lithuania 103 km (64 mi), Russia (via Kaliningrad Oblast) 210 km (130 mi), Slovakia 541 km (336 mi), Ukraine 528 km (328 mi).
Coastline: 770 km (480 mi).
Territorial sea: 12 nmi (22.2 km; 13.8 mi)
Sea islands: Wolin, eastern part of Uznam (Usedom)
Maritime boundaries: Baltic Sea

Administrative divisions of Poland
Poland Map

16 voivodships [provinces] (wojewodztwa, singular - wojewodztwo):
Dolnoslaskie (Lower Silesia), Kujawsko-Pomorskie (Kuyavia-Pomerania), Lodzkie (Lodz), Lubelskie (Lublin), Lubuskie (Lubusz), Malopolskie (Lesser Poland), Mazowieckie (Masovia), Opolskie (Opole), Podkarpackie (Subcarpathia), Podlaskie, Pomorskie (Pomerania), Slaskie (Silesia), Swietokrzyskie (Holy Cross), Warminsko-Mazurskie (Warmia-Masuria), Wielkopolskie (Greater Poland), Zachodniopomorskie (West Pomerania).

Natural resources: Coal, sulfur, copper, silver, natural gas, iron, zinc, lead, salt, arable land.
Geographynote: historically, an area of conflict because of flat terrain and the lack of natural barriers on the North European Plain.