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The Story of Dawud (David) (Peace Be Upon Him): The Prophet-King and the Excellence of the Those Who Often Return to God (Awwabin)
Chronological Order: The Era of Kingdom
The story of Dawud is a unique blend of Prophethood, Kingship, and Judgment, embodying strength in worship.
Dawud (PBUH) is the Prophet whom God granted Kingship and the Book (Az-Zabur/Psalms). He was famous for his beautiful voice in reciting the Zabur, his mastery over iron, and was called Al-Awwab for his frequent return and repentance to God.
Dawud (David) (PBUH): The King, the Psalms, and the Softening of Iron
Summary of Kingship, Judgment, and Virtues
Status and Role
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Miracles and Subjugation
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Story Details: Victory and Kingship
Dawud emerged as a brave young man in the battle of the Children of Israel against Goliath. Dawud believed in Divine victory and killed Goliath (Jalut) with a stone from his sling. This was a great victory and the key for Dawud to assume governance and kingship after Talut (Saul). Dawud ruled justly among the people, and God inspired him with Fasl al-Khitab (excellent judgment and decisive ruling in cases).
The Virtue of Worship and Work
Dawud (PBUH) was the exemplary model of worship; he would fast every other day, sleep half the night, pray for a third of it, and sleep the remaining sixth. God blessed him with both material and moral miracles, so the mountains and birds glorified with him, and God taught him the craft of making coats of mail from iron softened by his hand.
Key Quranic References:
- Surah Al-Baqarah: Verses 249-251 (The killing of Goliath)
- Surah Saad: Verses 17-25 (Judgment, the trial, and glorification)
- Surah Saba: Verses 10-11 (The favor of subjecting the mountains and iron)
Lessons and Morals Learned:
- Strength in Faith: The triumph of truth does not depend on a large number or abundant resources.
- Justice in Ruling: The importance of decisive speech (Fasl al-Khitab) and seeking guidance in judgment.
- The Best of Worship: Sincere worship and excellent work, while relying on lawful earnings.
The Pivotal Verse:
﴾Walaqad atayna dawooda minna fadlan ya-jibalu awwibee maAAahu wattayra waalanna lahu alhadeed﴿ (Saba: 10)Key to the Story: Kingship Serving Prophethood
Dawud (PBUH) showed that the power of the ruler can be a means to establish justice and demonstrate God's favor, and that worldly kingship does not prevent worship and piety.
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