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The Story of Shu'aib (Peace Be Upon Him): The Orator of the Prophets and the People of the Canopy (Az-Zullah)
Chronological Order: People of the Balance
The story of Shu'aib is a lesson in social justice and a warning against corruption in trade and economic dealings.
Shu'aib (PBUH) is the Orator of the Prophets (Khatib Al-Anbiya) for his eloquence and rhetorical skill in calling his people. He was sent to the **People of Midian** and the **Companions of Al-Aykah** (some say they are two different peoples or two different regions for the same people).
Shu'aib (PBUH): Short-Changing and the Punishment of the Canopy (Az-Zullah)
Summary of the Call to the People of Midian and their Punishment
Nature of the Violation
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Types of Punishment and Destruction
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Story Details: The Eloquent Advice
Shu'aib began his call with Monotheism: ﴾يَٰقَوۡمِ ٱعۡبُدُواْ ٱللَّهَ مَا لَكُم مِّنۡ إِلَٰهٍ غَيۡرُهُۥُٓۚ﴿ (O my people, worship Allah; you have no other god but Him), then he moved on to reforming the economic and social imbalance for which his people were famous, which was short-changing (Tatfif) in measure and weight, and highway robbery. His people responded with mockery and threats of expulsion: ﴾نُخۡرِجَنَّكَ يَٰشُعَيۡبُ وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ مَعَكَ مِن قَرۡيَتِنَآ أَوۡ لَتَعُودُنَّ فِي مِلَّتِنَاۚ﴿ (We will surely drive you out, O Shu'aib, and those who have believed with you, from our city, or you must return to our religion).
Destruction by Diverse Torment
When they insisted on disbelief and corruption, they hastened the punishment, saying: ﴾فَأَسۡقِطۡ عَلَيۡنَا كِسَفٗا مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ إِن كُنتَ مِنَ ٱلصَّٰدِقِينََ﴿ (Then drop down upon us fragments of the sky, if you should be of the truthful). A severe, gradual punishment came upon them: intense heat, until they fled to the shade under a cloud (Az-Zullah/the Canopy), and the torment came to them from it. Then Ar-Rajfah (the earthquake/tremor) and As-Sayhah (the great sound/cry) seized them, and they were all destroyed and became lying [dead] in their homes, as if they had never lived there.
Key Quranic References:
- Surah Hud: Verses 84-95 (Details of the call and punishment)
- Surah Al-A'raf: Verses 85-93 (Emphasis on the issue of the balance)
- Surah Ash-Shu'ara: Verses 176-189 (Mention of him as a messenger to the Companions of Al-Aykah)
Lessons and Morals Learned:
- Justice is the Foundation of Religion: Monotheism is linked to economic and social justice.
- The Danger of Economic Corruption: Short-changing is a crime that warrants destruction in this world and the Hereafter.
- Eloquence of the Caller: The importance of wisdom and clear expression in calling to God, hence he was named the Orator of the Prophets.
The Pivotal Verse:
﴾Waya-qawmi awfoo almikyala walmeezana bilqisti wala tabkhasoo annasa ashyaahum wala taAAthaw fee alardi mufsideen﴿ (Hud: 85)Key to the Story: Reforming the Earth
The story of Shu'aib confirms that faith is not just individual acts of worship, but includes establishing justice and the balance in daily life and dealings, and that economic and social corruption necessitates God's punishment.
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